Tag Archives: Sally Rooney

Mate Arias by Lewis Buxton (The Emma Press)

Mate Arias by Lewis Buxton (The Emma Press)

This pamphlet of part-rhymed and unrhymed loose sonnets, which Lewis Buxton styles ‘arias’, repurposes its venerable form for satisfyingly down-to-earth subjects, and for poems of friendship rather than romantic love. The speaker and his mates are going to the gym, the pub and the seaside; they watch films and TV, play football, drink, smoke and eat take-away. He also enjoys, with other friends, slightly less archetypal pastimes: doing crosswords, talking about novels or going birdwatching. 

With its plain titling, familiar situations and everyday vocabulary, it’s a swift and easy read. The references are more commonly from TV, comic books and films (The Walking Dead, Marlon Brando in Streetcar, Christopher Walken and especially superheroes) than literature – though James Wright and Sally Rooney get a look-in. The verbal pleasures, likewise, are less about abstruse wordplay or sublime alliterations than charming and offbeat figurative language. Someone is like ‘an unexpected cup of tea’, and ‘an apple crumble and custard kind of bloke’. Obituaries are ‘the football statistics/ of truth’. Slovenly dressers are ‘bathtubs half-covered by shower curtains.’ The sea is ‘a blue duvet’. Such whimsical wit extends to the setups. In the ‘Sensitive Gentlemen’s Club’, ‘The bouncers all have trained therapy dogs’ and ‘you can pay for drinks with […] / completed mental health first aider handbooks.’ An appeal for new football team players is done like a lonely-hearts ad. There’s drolly attentive notice to quotidian moments: ‘nodding solemnly at the mention of money’ and ‘the deft mime of a signature mid-air.’ 

There are, nonetheless, serious issues among the conviviality. The agitations of adolescence elicit sympathy

          All the ghosts came home, crow-unlucky kids
          who were bullied bad (not that you can be
          bullied good, that is) but come home they did:
          soiled, cold and tired backpacks, acne.
          When they were home, speaking was stuck zips.
          What’s wrong? Mum asked, their skulls tucked into hoodies,
          their tongues football boots that did not fit:
          everything is luck, nobody will ever like me.

while the major motifs here, superheroes and horses (‘genitals/ open like a stallion in a field’), emblematize the culture’s impossible expectations of masculinity. ‘[L]et Lois Lane fall’ and ‘put my glasses on’ seem to be the wry recommendations in response, along with acknowledging that ‘We’ve left it too late/ […] to be prodigies’ and settling for the pleasures of the homespun and the unambitious alongside alternative images of personal development: ‘the sunflower man I could/ grow up to become’.

It feels like this review is becoming little more than snippets of things I enjoyed. And indeed, it’d be very hard to dislike this short collection; it’s the kind of pamphlet you might buy for a friend who thinks of poetry as only up-itself or overly intellectual or otherwise not for them. For instance, it’s one of those refreshing, rather rare collections that never uses the words ‘poet’, ‘poem’ or ‘poetry’. It tunes more to the wavelength of relatable experience than of the recondite. Most of all, it comes across as the nicest kind of companion in its unpretentious kindness, its unabashed mansuetude, its understanding of gender as performance, and its humorous balance of gruffness and tenderness: ‘[…] I love her/ and how we talk as if we do not also suffer’; and, ‘We grow so beautiful/ galloping into oncoming collisions’; and, ‘I judge books by their covers/ and I really like your jacket.’ It’s hard not to just keep quoting from it, which is as good a sign as any. 

Guy Russell 13th August 2025

Averno by Louise Gluck (Penguin Modern Classics)

Averno by Louise Gluck (Penguin Modern Classics)

This is in the end is genuinely a persuasive book, though it also struck me as avowing quite a feminist outlook. This may in part be due to the Persephone/Hades myth, that lingers as part of the poem’s inspiration, though hardly overwhelmingly so. In the tradition of say, Emily Dickinson originally, and moving through to the likes of Adrienne Rich, Denise Levertov or Barbara Guest, and it may be the latter whom I can think of as a kind of stylistic parallel. Gluck is relatively restrained, terse, not using too many words for what might require less; a very moderated tone rather than a loud one, often finessed.

The book consists of longer and shorter poems, the former generally subdivided into sections. There is quite a strong earth or ecology theme, and Gluck moves with changes to the weather or the environment.

I was struck early on by this piece of phrasing from the poem ‘October’;-

            ‘It is true there is not enough beauty in the world.

            It is also true that I am not competent to restore it.

            Neither is there candor, and here I may be of some use.’ (p13)

This is highly evocative, distinctive and original, reaching insights of bracing perception. The first line is a true but regrettable reflection on our present state of affairs. Beautiful world where are you recently said Sally Rooney. There are localised moments we can wonder at, evidence of intelligent design and aesthetic patterning, but few would be greatly optimistic about the current state of play, dealing with environmental degradation and pollution. Gluck knows very well that she herself can’t fix this; it is likely to take a long term coordinated effort. But she does suggest that she might be given to candor, of which she also feels there is not enough; call it openness, perhaps, or honesty or opening up about difficult topics truthfully.

Again another insightful passage occurs a little later,-

            ‘Who can say what the world is? The world

            is in flux, therefore

            unreadable, the winds shifting,

            the great plates invisibly shifting and changing –‘ (‘Prism’ I, p20)

Among other things we are finding Gluck attending to the state of the earth, rather than, say, male perspectives, and I’d say this kind of marks out the prerogative of the book as a whole; there is little in the way of critique of male prerogatives. This short passage, opening the poem ‘Prism’ is quite fascinating because it takes in both the shorter term and the long term views. The ‘great plates’ are noted, very slow organic and geological change. Meanwhile the world is perceived to be in flux, with those shifting winds. One might note also the lack of formalist design here, lines of quite unequal length not rhymed, but then it is highly readable. 

In part II we encounter a passage that further marks out Gluck’s view, from the poem ‘The Evening Star’,-

                                                ‘There were

            no other stars. Only the one

            whose name I knew

            as in my other life I did her

            injury: Venus, 

            star of the early evening,

            to you I dedicate

            my vision’ (p39)

This time working with a shorter line, again no rhyme, but there is certainly an intentness of focus. Gluck doesn’t quite dwell on this. There is no overriding mythos here, though she may be a watcher of the stars and the night sky. The flow of words is finely punctuated. 

Recounting a tale of a field burning, evidently by arson, Gluck ventures of the farmer,-

            ‘He remembers the day the field burned…

            Something deep within him said: I can live with this,

            I can fight it after awhile.’ (p68)

And some of this sense permeates the book. If there is not enough beauty or soundness in the world, one can strive to make things better. Struggle is an endemic, given part of the picture.

In terms of the book’s larger frame, the opening poem, ‘The Night Migrations’, does in so many ways set out the tone. An extraordinarily yet so subtly perceptive piece we are given to, that upon the soul’s reside in death, ‘maybe just not being is simply enough,/ hard as that is to imagine.’ (p1) This has fine insight, subtlety, and lack of pretence, and is philosophically quite searching. What we know of the place of the soul is that it will ‘just not be’, ‘hard to imagine’. The almost colloquial note of that last line takes off a lot of its weight, and yet it might feel a little strange encountering this at the very outset of the book. Gluck deals, indeed, with weighty subjects, but not in an anxious, deep or worried condition; whatever all this is one feels she has found a way to live with it and be finely expressive about it. It is also worth checking out her Collected Poems, recently published. 

Clark Allison 1st December 2021