Gerhard Rühm has spent decades exploring concrete poetry, collages and the interfaces between numbers & language, and language & music. The Folded Clock is translated from German (Rühm was born in Austria) into English and published by Twisted Spoon in Prague. This sometimes means that puns and concepts which are integral to understanding the poems are not translatable and even short cryptic notes at the bottom of some pages cannot help this reader.
Elsewhere there are simplistic exercises in visual text, such as ‘homage à kurt schwitters’ where a horizontal line of the numbers 1-26 intersects with a vertical line of capitalised letters A-Z, with the O becoming part of 10; or ‘sixty-nine pairs of lovers’ where the number 69 is turned sideways and gridded into six rows of ten and one row of nine.
The book also features some long pieces to do with counting and interruption, duration and interruption, as well as shorter counting poems and brief arrangements of numbers, such as this, ‘lucky calculation 2006’:
76 67
13 13
4 4
8
4
2
I can see that the numbers add up to the number below (i.e. 7+6=13, 1+3 = 4, 4+4=8) but why the mirror image to start with, and why after 8 do the numbers become halved? And why is it lucky?
Other poems are similarly confusing or impenetrable: handwritten calculations on a scrap of graph paper (perhaps a found text?), collaged grids containing numbers, simple visual cutups, some texts as part of a simplistic musical manuscript (unchanging notes on a single stave) or spindly but fluid ink drawings.
Mostly, the book is full of the kind of work that makes me go ‘And?’, just as much conceptual art in galleries does. Yes, I get it, but there’s not much to get, and once you have got it, there is little left. Better are the text poems, but they often read as squibs, reminiscent of the most banal and slight poems that performance poets use to punctuate their live sets. Take this for example:
birthday
i was never one hour old
or ever one year
i never turned 12
or ever turned 20
i was never 42
or 63 either
i was never younger or older
than NOW
Deep, eh? We only live in the present, or something like that. It’s sad when one is reduced to preferring the banality of this:
line for line
the first of the lines doesn’t think it’s fine,
so encourages the second to really shine.
the third says : reader, go ahead and take your time,
take your time and linger on the fourth and very best line.
If you like that kind of thing, then there’s a similar poem in the book, ‘sonnet’ which begins with ‘first stanza first line / first stanza second line’. If I tell you it has four stanzas which are structured in 4 lines, 4 lines, 3 lines, 3 lines then you can write the rest yourself.
The book’s postscript briefly discusses numerical relationships and graphic notation, and claims that ‘the number, at least as far as structure goes, is the common denominator of all the sundry forms of art’, despite being ‘without any additional semantic function’. It also has brief notes on a few specific texts where it mentions source materials, some kabbalist ideas and some instances where specific correct pronunciation is required.
I was looking forward to this book, hoping that it might link back to Dada and Surrealism, which I have been researching recently, and to mathematics, which I studied and enjoyed in the sixth form. I still find resonances between pure mathematics and poetry, the way things balance and find natural answers and forms, but these texts are not working in that way. I also like Twisted Spoon’s books, their high production values and intriguing catalogues of books. Unfortunately, with The Folded Clock, I simply find evidence of an insular and obsessive poet whose work I mostly find incredibly banal, linguistically, semantically, visually, and conceptually.
Rupert Loydell 8th December 2025
