The Folded Clock by Gerhard Rühm (Twisted Spoon)

The Folded Clock by Gerhard Rühm (Twisted Spoon)

Gerhard Rühm has spent decades exploring concrete poetry, collages and the interfaces between numbers & language, and language & music. The Folded Clock is translated from German (Rühm was born in Austria) into English and published by Twisted Spoon in Prague. This sometimes means that puns and concepts which are integral to understanding the poems are not translatable and even short cryptic notes at the bottom of some pages cannot help this reader.

Elsewhere there are simplistic exercises in visual text, such as ‘homage à kurt schwitters’ where a horizontal line of the numbers 1-26 intersects with a vertical line of capitalised letters A-Z, with the O becoming part of 10; or ‘sixty-nine pairs of lovers’ where the number 69 is turned sideways and gridded into six rows of ten and one row of nine. 

The book also features some long pieces to do with counting and interruption, duration and interruption, as well as shorter counting poems and brief arrangements of numbers, such as this, ‘lucky calculation 2006’:

76   67
13   13
4   4
8
4
2

I can see that the numbers add up to the number below (i.e. 7+6=13, 1+3 = 4, 4+4=8) but why the mirror image to start with, and why after 8 do the numbers become halved? And why is it lucky? 

Other poems are similarly confusing or impenetrable: handwritten calculations on a scrap of graph paper (perhaps a found text?), collaged grids containing numbers, simple visual cutups, some texts as part of a simplistic musical manuscript (unchanging notes on a single stave) or spindly but fluid ink drawings.

Mostly, the book is full of the kind of work that makes me go ‘And?’, just as much conceptual art in galleries does. Yes, I get it, but there’s not much to get, and once you have got it, there is little left. Better are the text poems, but they often read as squibs, reminiscent of the most banal and slight poems that performance poets use to punctuate their live sets. Take this for example:

     birthday

     i was never one hour old
     or ever one year
     i never turned 12
     or ever turned 20
     i was never 42
     or 63 either
     i was never younger or older
     than NOW

Deep, eh? We only live in the present, or something like that. It’s sad when one is reduced to preferring the banality of this:

     line for line

     the first of the lines doesn’t think it’s fine,
     so encourages the second to really shine.
     the third says : reader, go ahead and take your time,
     take your time and linger on the fourth and very best line.

If you like that kind of thing, then there’s a similar poem in the book, ‘sonnet’ which begins with ‘first stanza first line / first stanza second line’. If I tell you it has four stanzas which are structured in 4 lines, 4 lines, 3 lines, 3 lines then you can write the rest yourself.
     
The book’s postscript briefly discusses numerical relationships and graphic notation, and claims that ‘the number, at least as far as structure goes, is the common denominator of all the sundry forms of art’, despite being ‘without any additional semantic function’. It also has brief notes on a few specific texts where it mentions source materials, some kabbalist ideas and some instances where specific correct pronunciation is required.

I was looking forward to this book, hoping that it might link back to Dada and Surrealism, which I have been researching recently, and to mathematics, which I studied and enjoyed in the sixth form. I still find resonances between pure mathematics and poetry, the way things balance and find natural answers and forms, but these texts are not working in that way. I also like Twisted Spoon’s books, their high production values and intriguing catalogues of books. Unfortunately, with The Folded Clock, I simply find evidence of an insular and obsessive poet whose work I mostly find incredibly banal, linguistically, semantically, visually, and conceptually.

Rupert Loydell 8th December 2025

The Yellow Kite by Vicki Feaver (Mariscat Press)

The Yellow Kite by Vicki Feaver (Mariscat Press)

As the poetry demographic, like the general population demographic, trends Homewards and Carewards, you might well hypothesize related trends in its subject-matter. Proportionally fewer new poems, for instance, about sex, pop, casual jobs and feeling zingy with energy. And proportionally more about grandchildren, paintings, gardening – and illness. Parkinson’s is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s and the fastest-growing neurological condition globally, but if there’s been a single-poet collection about it before, I don’t know of one. Vicki Feaver’s new pamphlet is about living with it.

Vicki Feaver is best known for disciplined poems dealing with undisciplined, sometimes violent, emotions – her most famous being about Judith and Holophernes – and Parkinson’s will certainly provoke them. Here it’s like an indwelling demon. In one poem it’s addressed directly: ‘You were in her years/ but waited to show’. In another it becomes the speaker, addressing its victim with sinister glee:

          Your voice that you hear
          loud and clear in your ear
          is to others a mumble

          that no repeating
          of tongue twisters
          or singing up and down

          quavery scales
          will stop sounding
          like a whisper from a coffin.

It makes her shake so much that the shaking feels like her defining attribute: she becomes ‘the shaking woman’. She’s unsteadier – and falls over and breaks a hip. Even taking a bath becomes a risk and struggle. There’s the double-checking of thoughts, conveyed by pantoums. There’s the disruption to self-image:

          Who is the woman in the mirror?
          Is she the same woman as yesterday?
          Why does she always appear?
          Why look at me suspiciously?

And especially the difficulty finding words:

          A rat that gnawed
          through her skull
          into her brain
          is devouring her words
          as if they are grain.

As if that’s not enough, the Covid crisis – ‘a year/ of sickness and death’ – is going on. Nonetheless, she attempts to take what pleasure she can in a circumscribed lifestyle. Her local area, ‘where trees and sea/ meet’, her home ‘hemmed in by hills and spiky firs’, her husband, her dog – those statutory topics of the poetry of senescence get an additional poignancy here not just from the usual perception that death is on the horizon, but that the slope going towards it is going to be so difficult. Flowers, birds, trees, seasons, all normally so profuse in symbolism for this type of poet, are now becoming equivocal, dismissible or minatory. The kingfisher is a mere ‘hunter-killer’. Magpies are ‘just birds/ with a reputation as thieves’. The lapwing makes a disconcerting ‘weep-weep’. A tree in her garden ‘twirls a black lace veil’. 

But the book’s structured to suggest a path towards resistance, if not a happy ending. The third person, used at first to signal self-estrangement, moves to ‘I’ later on. There are ‘exercises/ to improve her balance’, and ‘co-careldopa’ – a medication – ‘to keep me moving’. She tries boxing which is ‘good for Parkinson’s’; it’ll ‘give a bully a bloody nose’. There’s a slim motif of revival in the desert. The yellow kite at the end, like ‘a fiery bird’, reminds her of a previous personal crisis, and bolsters her spirit. In all, it’s a book representing the ups and downs and shames and struggles of major morbidity with candidness and not without grim humour, and its similarly plain vocabulary, syntax and theme make it an easy read, but a sobering one.  

Guy Russell 12th October 2025

Only Sing: 152 Uncollected Dream Songs by John Berryman (Farrar, Straus & Giroux)

Only Sing: 152 Uncollected Dream Songs by John Berryman (Farrar, Straus & Giroux)

John Berryman’s The Dream Songs are 18 line poem dispatches from a private hell, an interior conversation and a kind of madness that facilitates self-diagnosis and a disturbed concern regarding the nature of racism, lust, literature and life itself. They are often regarded as Berryman’s finest achievement, although I find Berryman’s Sonnets more consistent and accomplished.

Berryman’s original two published books of Dream Songs have previously been compiled as a complete version, although this new gathering pointed me towards Henry’s Fate & Other Poems, a previous posthumous publication I was unaware of, published back in 1977 and containing a sizable selection of works not in the standard volume. 

Shane McCrae is the editor of this new collection, and he explains how an interview with Berryman alerted him to the existence of hundreds of other Dream Songs, prompting him to undertake this project. However, many of the unpublished poems turned out to be drafts or fragments, unfinished work which McCrae has mostly not included, although the book does include some poems not yet expanded to 18 lines, and some that include lines or phrases from other poems. Although I can understand McCrae’s decision to be as invisible, or non-present, as possible, I do feel his choice of arranging the book by the alphabetical order of first line is an abdication of editorial responsibility and brings an inappropriate element of chance procedure into play.

Berryman seemed to have realised these poems would be published in due course and discussed how readers would have to slot them in to the published books as episodes in what McCrae here in his Introduction has decided is an epic. Unfortunately, many of the poems in this new book are rooted to occasion, to dedicatees, events, happenings and deaths; are much more specific in their subject than most of the previously published texts.

Many seem casual and slight, prone to striving for profundity. Or, if that seems harsh, perhaps they are profound poems trying too hard to be flippant and funny, seeking a way to make light of trauma. Sometimes the poems read as a kind of prayer and/or an attempt to provoke the God the poem is addressing. Elsewhere, the tone is often elegiac, but others of the poems feel unfinished, abandoned, unloved and somewhat isolated out of any sequence or order.

Most, of course, contain sparkling lines of repartee or astonishing asides, despite the ongoing issue of Berryman’s character at times speaking in blackface. We know Berryman was not racist (he turned down many jobs in the South because of how blacks were treated there) yet the minstrelsy ventriloquism of Henry still sometimes leaves a sour taste in the mouth, one not totally rinsed away by McCrae’s brief defence of the issue in his statement that Berryman ‘did not allow whiteness to be a default position’ and that ‘Henry’s use of verbal blackface might be off-putting, but it is essential.’

I find Berryman’s writing fascinating, both here and in general, but I have to say that despite occasional fantastic complete poems, many brilliant lines and phrases, some laugh-out-loud self-deprecation by the narrator[s], and plenty of provocative and still topical questioning, the texts here do not accumulate sense and meaning in the way previous Dream Songs do, let alone offer any narrative connections. Rather disappointingly, it feels like an aside or apocryphal excursion, a book mostly for fans, scholars and troubled poets.

Rupert Loydell 16th September 2025

Keeping Time by James Dick (Yew Tree Press)

Keeping Time by James Dick (Yew Tree Press)

You may have come across James Dick as lead singer of the Red Propellers, a band who recreate New York urban dystopia for the UK, all angular riffs and grooves, drones and chimes, underpinning incantatory, sputtering stories full of lowlife, love and sweat.

Keeping Time is a new book of writing, the third in a trilogy of skinny tall stapled pamphlets (I think it’s A4 folded in half lengthways) containing Dick’s what – in Lyrics 2 – is subtitled ‘words   songs   noise poems’. The texts showcase Dick’s continuing freeform and loose-lined associative and imagistic thinking from the word go. The second poem, ‘Not Holding the Centre’, starts with a ‘young server at the food shelter’, then comments on the price of admission to visit the graves of Karl Marx and Brian Jones in Highgate Cemetery (‘tombstone blues’) before the narrator is subjected to Spotify hyping

     the new pop singer

     auto tune at the core

     a dead ringer

     a dead ringer

     for the one before

Verse two offers us a face off between someone ‘in her / Top of the Town / polyester dressing gown’ staring down a ‘grimacing / facially inked / skinhead / swaggering the pavement / towards her’ before moving on to someone’s ‘elderly grandparents / growing skunk’ and a ‘hate crime spree’ in the shopping aisles. We are instructed to ‘debunk stereotypes’ but also told the shooting incident is ‘Modern Tide Filth’. 

The third verse introduces us to a figure ‘dressed all in black’ (well, they would be, wouldn’t they?) who is

     a god of adolescence

     an angel of exile

     a poet of words

     a poet of action

and an example of pain being transferred into beauty, before the poem moves to a series of instructions to the reader: to ‘pursue the obscure’ at ‘the edges of everything’, become ‘a voice a face / for the dispossessed’. Either they or us, perhaps everyone, is ‘not holding the centre’, and we should embrace those edges.

This fragmented group of ideas and characters is typical of Dick’s writing, as is his narrator’s sometime intervention and comment and the occasional use of repetition to emphasise a line. The repetition can be more annoying on the page than when sung, but is also used to good effect in many places, for instance in ‘John Lennon Postage Stamps’.

Here the flicker of images gives us an open fire, a cardboard coffin, ‘the sun and the moon and the stars’, as well as the surreal idea of Saint Francis preaching ‘to the birds / live at the Five Spot’. We get another verse riffing on ‘H & jazz / jazz and H’ before we return to Saint Francis and the fact that

     karma is instant

     karma is instant

     karma is instant

Here, the repetition is contradictory. If it was instant it wouldn’t be happening three times, so the idea is not only reinforced it is, along with the karma, at the very least delayed.

Elsewhere the poems in Keeping Time spend a lot of time in or outside cafés, being astonished and amazed by how unusual and original people are, whether that is a

     Woman

     on a mobility scooter

     shouldering

     an Elvis Presley tote bag

     weaving in and out of

     pedestrians

     off key

     singing One Night of Sin

, ‘a man with a tiny dog / on his shoulder’ or an encounter with an unnamed woman reading The Rainbow which, later in the poem, triggers the memory of ‘a shaft of moonlight shining / on her hand holding his’. These images are less successful when presented in isolation, as in a closing page of ‘Western Haikus’, but mostly Dick is adept at moving through ideas and images at breakneck speed before allowing romance or cynical aside to intervene. Dick is keen on resisting the permanent concerns of ‘Adulation and money’ and the creation of ‘a walled country / whose democracy / is / slipping / slipping / over the horizon’. These earthy, clever poems, feel like part of the resistance.

Rupert Loydell 15th September 2025

Tears in the Fence 82 is out!

Tears in the Fence 82 is out!

Tears in the Fence 82 is now available at http://tearsinthefence.com/pay-it-forward and features poetry, prose poetry, translations, fiction, and creative nonfiction by Jeremy Hilton, Guillaume Apollinaire trans. Ralph Hawkins, Lydia Harris, Mandy Pannett, Mélisande Fitzsimons, Jennifer Harrison, Daragh Breen, Gul Ozseven, Michael Farrell, Hortense Chosalland, Laure-Hélène Zinguereevitch, Joanna Nissel, David Miller, Lisa Dart, John Mateer, Alan Baker, Geraldine Monk, Peter Oswald, Rebecca Danicic, Biljana Scott, Alexandra Fössinger. Chris Beckett, Eliza O’Toole, Peter Larkin, Martyn Crucefix, Kerri Sonnenberg, Aidan Semmens, Andrew Duncan, Mohammad Razai, Fianna Dodwell, Valerie Bridge, Lesley Burt, Victoria Brooks Helen Kay, Mark Goodwin, Isabel Greenslade, Huw Gwynn-Jones, Tamsin Hopkins, Steve Spence, Jason Ioannou, Claire Harnett–Mann, Sharon Kivland, Simon Collings and Gerald Killingworth.

The critical section consists of the Editorial by David Caddy, Robert Sheppard on A Line Of Tiny Zeros In The Fabric, Robert Hampson on Andrew Duncan’s Beautiful Feelings, Chris Turnbull on Jennifer Spector, Guy Russell on Dominic Hand, Mandy Pannett on J.R. Carpenter, Andrew Duncan on New German Poetry, Nadezhda Vikulina on Caroline Clark, Peter Oswald on Paul Stubbs, Mandy Pannett on Lynne Wycherley, Andrew Duncan on Rachel Mann, Keith Jebb on W.N. Herbert, Steve Spence on Arcadian Rustbelt, Robert Sheppard on Poetry’s Geographies, Steve Spence on Plymouth Language Club, Keith Jebb on Frances Presley, Morag Kiziewicz ‘s Electric Blue 17, Notes On Contributors, David Caddy’s Afterword 

Fabrics, Fancies & Fens by Gerald Killingworth (Tears in the Fence)

Fabrics, Fancies & Fens by Gerald Killingworth (Tears in the Fence)

The first section of Gerald Killingworth’s superb new collection is called ‘Fabrics’ and is preceded by the author’s note concerning his ‘sense of fabric’ which links closely with imagination. Readers will have their own mental images of fabrics but they’re unlikely to include some of the diverse objects in these poems such as bread, a drumskin, ancient scrolls, shrapnel, a gutted and carved up pig, a feather, and a marble fragment from a chiffonier top.

Extraordinary images, and in this section we have examples of extraordinary juxtapositions as well with graphic details linking humour and horror, the quotidian with the tragic. ‘Sambridges’, for example, begins with humour in its title, the mispronunciation of the word ‘sandwiches’. There is laughter and a feeling of comfort as the narrator nibbles the dry slices which gives him the chance ‘to get the feel and to remember’ but then, in an abrupt shift, we are suddenly in the middle of a battlefield where a sandwich is offered to fill the gap ‘between breakfast and dying’ and the mouldy bread parallels the decay of rotting bodies in the mud, the ‘cheese and jam already indistinguishable from the/ muck they fell in.’

‘Jack’s Drum’ is a subtle confrontation of the question of value. The drum with its softness derived from ‘the downy pelt’ of a calf is worth the cost because of the exquisite music it creates, but, in a clash between harmony and disharmony, no one hears ‘the silent sounds – the anguished/bleating, the stunning smack.’ 

‘Great Uncle Harry’ features in ‘I Have Four Children’, presenting an image of ‘elegance along a seafront somewhere, /complacent, dapper’. Someone else takes care of the pig he owns, the ‘feeding, killing, quartering’ while tender hearted Connie shows no qualms or queasiness when called on to ‘slice off a porker’s/nose and turn his jowls inside out.’ This, like war, is slaughter and mess off stage.

The second part of the collection, ‘Fancies’,  is full of sounds as well. In ‘May Morning, Cerne Abbas’ we are taken to ‘a hill of cloth of gold’ where the air is full of trumpets and horns and the vibrations of hundreds of cowslips – but all these sounds are ‘too subtle for us.’

I admire all the poems in Fabrics, Fancies & Fens but I think my favourite section is this one – ‘Fancies’ – which is clustered with magic, music, dance and, most of all, imagination. ‘True magic isn’t ready-made,’ says the narrator in ‘Poundbury Wassail’, ‘we need to conjure it defying all sorts of gloom.’ Speculative writing that explores possibilities beyond any current reality is a popular genre in fiction and is becoming more so in poetry with elements like science fiction, alternative histories, myth and its contemporary relevance. But fantasy with its cast of giants and fairy folk, its world of ‘what ifs’, is so much harder to write about in a way that’s both imaginative and ‘convincing’. Gerald Killingworth is an exceptional writer and achieves it, perfectly in my opinion, as poems in this collection show. 

He does this by creating an atmosphere of mystery and ambiguity, by inviting us to explore the curious and inexplicable, to share a glimpse of an ‘inner vision’. ‘I am a stranger facing down shadows’ his narrator says in ‘An Etruscan Tomb Outside Orvieto’ as he haunts the ‘dead streets’ and wonders if ancient deities and spirits ‘haunt ours and wonder what/the world has come to.’

This poem also gives an account of a strange experience where, at the threshold of the tomb, with not a plum tree in sight, the narrator sees two unripe plums ‘green as the/verdigris on an Etruscan bronze’ and wonders:

          Are they an offering from…whom? an 

          enticement from some shade? Their 

          greenness is unnatural – perpetual?

          like the hillsides of the afterlife painted in 

          tombs elsewhere, its music never-ending, 

          its wine never sour.

The final section of Fabrics, Fancies & Fens is titled ‘Fenlandia’ – a play on words and subtle allusions which appear throughout the collection and are a delight to come across. Many earlier themes and images recur – land here is ‘dissolved in water’ and it’s ‘water so/thick it has texture’. Sunrise in the Fens is a ‘bloody smudge’ while a downpour of rain is ‘incessant drum-rolling on the windows’ that later washes down ‘the bloodied tarmac/after another hit and run.’ The poem ‘The Bog Oaks’ recalls ‘an echo of centuries’:

       Millennia since their thoughts reached 

       cloudwards, branches feathering the unreachable.             

       Precipitation became intense, ground waters rose,

       reeds and sedges, confident, empire-building, 

       ingratiated themselves into every spinney:

Fabric, Fancies & Fens is a stunning collection – witty, lyrical, quirky and insightful. It is one to read many times. 

Mandy Pannett 22nd August 2025

Mate Arias by Lewis Buxton (The Emma Press)

Mate Arias by Lewis Buxton (The Emma Press)

This pamphlet of part-rhymed and unrhymed loose sonnets, which Lewis Buxton styles ‘arias’, repurposes its venerable form for satisfyingly down-to-earth subjects, and for poems of friendship rather than romantic love. The speaker and his mates are going to the gym, the pub and the seaside; they watch films and TV, play football, drink, smoke and eat take-away. He also enjoys, with other friends, slightly less archetypal pastimes: doing crosswords, talking about novels or going birdwatching. 

With its plain titling, familiar situations and everyday vocabulary, it’s a swift and easy read. The references are more commonly from TV, comic books and films (The Walking Dead, Marlon Brando in Streetcar, Christopher Walken and especially superheroes) than literature – though James Wright and Sally Rooney get a look-in. The verbal pleasures, likewise, are less about abstruse wordplay or sublime alliterations than charming and offbeat figurative language. Someone is like ‘an unexpected cup of tea’, and ‘an apple crumble and custard kind of bloke’. Obituaries are ‘the football statistics/ of truth’. Slovenly dressers are ‘bathtubs half-covered by shower curtains.’ The sea is ‘a blue duvet’. Such whimsical wit extends to the setups. In the ‘Sensitive Gentlemen’s Club’, ‘The bouncers all have trained therapy dogs’ and ‘you can pay for drinks with […] / completed mental health first aider handbooks.’ An appeal for new football team players is done like a lonely-hearts ad. There’s drolly attentive notice to quotidian moments: ‘nodding solemnly at the mention of money’ and ‘the deft mime of a signature mid-air.’ 

There are, nonetheless, serious issues among the conviviality. The agitations of adolescence elicit sympathy

          All the ghosts came home, crow-unlucky kids
          who were bullied bad (not that you can be
          bullied good, that is) but come home they did:
          soiled, cold and tired backpacks, acne.
          When they were home, speaking was stuck zips.
          What’s wrong? Mum asked, their skulls tucked into hoodies,
          their tongues football boots that did not fit:
          everything is luck, nobody will ever like me.

while the major motifs here, superheroes and horses (‘genitals/ open like a stallion in a field’), emblematize the culture’s impossible expectations of masculinity. ‘[L]et Lois Lane fall’ and ‘put my glasses on’ seem to be the wry recommendations in response, along with acknowledging that ‘We’ve left it too late/ […] to be prodigies’ and settling for the pleasures of the homespun and the unambitious alongside alternative images of personal development: ‘the sunflower man I could/ grow up to become’.

It feels like this review is becoming little more than snippets of things I enjoyed. And indeed, it’d be very hard to dislike this short collection; it’s the kind of pamphlet you might buy for a friend who thinks of poetry as only up-itself or overly intellectual or otherwise not for them. For instance, it’s one of those refreshing, rather rare collections that never uses the words ‘poet’, ‘poem’ or ‘poetry’. It tunes more to the wavelength of relatable experience than of the recondite. Most of all, it comes across as the nicest kind of companion in its unpretentious kindness, its unabashed mansuetude, its understanding of gender as performance, and its humorous balance of gruffness and tenderness: ‘[…] I love her/ and how we talk as if we do not also suffer’; and, ‘We grow so beautiful/ galloping into oncoming collisions’; and, ‘I judge books by their covers/ and I really like your jacket.’ It’s hard not to just keep quoting from it, which is as good a sign as any. 

Guy Russell 13th August 2025

Escritoire by Sheila E. Murphy (Lavender Ink), The Severity of the Perfect Circle by H.L. Hix (BlazeVox)

Escritoire by Sheila E. Murphy (Lavender Ink), The Severity of the Perfect Circle by H.L. Hix (BlazeVox)

Sheila Murphy’s poetry always managed to surprise this reader, with its unusual musicality and associative language, it’s mix of seemingly distanced but also emotionally charged and possibly autobiographical or confessional content. Escritoire is no exception, although I detect a new playfulness and self-awareness at work.

The transfer of nouns to verbs is here – ‘I mood myself’ – and the sometimes disrupted syntax but there are simpler and more regular forms than in some of Murphy’s other publications. ‘Bloom’, for instance, is a reflection on knowing the names of flowers, of the narrator’s mother taking her to see hothouse flowers and of being bewitched by names; so much so that she ‘hear[s] the flower / more than see it’. The second half of the poem is a flowing, echoing list of plant names that induce a kind of calm acceptance: ‘I give in to what I hear.’

Elsewhere there is dialogue between moods: ‘I fret versus forget’; a grappling with unexplainable reasons for ‘The squall / The grappling / The merger’ which becomes a statement of survival technique:

     I would choose

     To resurrect

     Recoverable fragments

     From what is left

     And shall then thrive.      (‘Because Reasons’)

and momentary acceptance of the unexpected in poems such as ‘Stilton at the Hilton’, where a delayed flight facilitates time to relax and observe:

     Now’s our chance to accidentally

     split infinitives, split the groove

     with zilch to do but look out

     on the pavement lined with tattoos.

I love the fact it remains unsure if the tattoos are on humans or a metaphor for painted signs on the runway or sidewalk; or, of course, both.

Of course, there are poems about the light and desert in Arizona here, poems about love and loss, and about others who Murphy meets. In ‘Early Days’, the subject ‘youngs her way toward me / with an armload of new syllables and words / that I might grasp her meaning’, just as we at times must saturate ourselves in Murphy’s clever and engaging arrangements of words, grappling with ‘some abstract / and necessary effort / one of us must come to understand.’

At first glance, H.L. Hix’s poetry seems to operate with very different poetics. Hix always writes sequences of poetry and his work is underpinned by philosophy as much as creative writing.’ Loops’, the first of two sequences here, plays with defining and/or evidencing terms (such as ‘disappropriation’ and ‘necrognizance’) that are the author’s ‘own coinages’ whilst ‘Orbits’, the sequence that is the second half of The Severity of the Perfect Circle, is made up of texts that each respond ‘to a moment from an entry in Emily Apter and Barbara Cassin’s Dictionary of Untranslatables’.

If this seems abstract, distant and removed, it immediately becomes clear that this is not so. The opening poem, ‘acousticenity’ – which plays with the idea of ‘landscape as soundscape’ – presents a narrator obsessed by his neighbour’s trailer; whereas in ‘asent’ the narrator peers down from a dormer window, trying to see into ‘the house of [the] neighbor to the east, whose house is filled with newspapers.

Other invented terms are used to define obsessive and unusual behaviour, to facilitate poems full of ‘goat people’, ‘fences’, ‘postal carriers’, ‘dirt-blur’, porches, raccoons, and skunks. It is a charged and unsettling neighborhood that Hix – or Hix’s narrator – documents here.

‘Orbits’ consists of what it suggests, poems circling words that cannot be translated and therefore not defined. Although at times there are more abstract statements here, they are rooted by the persistent ‘I’ of the texts and the observations and engagement with the world surrounding these discourses of meaning:

     Every winter snow collects atop the line of mountains to the west. Every 
     afternoon clouds collect behind it.         (‘Anschaulichkeit’)

     I see this lamplit vase of flowers. I remember its sunlit sister.      (‘Gegenstand’)

Like all writers, Hix is grappling with language, meaning and communication, how ‘the implications of our phrases “make sense.”’ And committing to not silencing others. Ultimately, it seems, there is

     No way to understand others’ words except as my own, no way to 
     understand my own except by someone else’s.          (‘Istina’)

Here are two very different contemporary authors both of whose work is worth making our own.Rupert Loydell 8th August 2025

Marginal Future by S.J. Litherland (Smokestack Books)

Marginal Future by S.J. Litherland (Smokestack Books)

The subjects of S.J. Litherland’s new book are mainly her familiar ones: a Warwickshire childhood with a harsh father and memories of WW2, her adopted Durham (coal-mining elegies, local issues), other personally significant locations (especially her parents’ house in Mallorca), current affairs (Brexit and Covid here) and a poem ‘for Barry’ (MacSweeney). This 142-page chubster also makes plenty of room for paintings, gardening, her home and its surroundings, the weather, ageing and family. Less standardly, there are more of her distinctive poems about cricket and about her visits to the USSR. 

The variety of style, however, has a few surprises for Litherland-watchers. Lots of the pieces are in note-form, a mode which has carefully to balance that sense of the immediacy of the poet writing against fitfulness of rhythm and the risk of flatness. There’s a good bit of anthropomorphism and pathetic fallacy (‘a hard frost lays its cold lips/ to the bushes’; ‘the barge constrained by chains wanting to sail from/ moorings’). And a certain grandiosity, as in this about a football match:

            The performance waits to be opened like a book. Unlike a book
            it is not reliving the past. It flows with time. They are running
            in the invisible sea of time, choices weigh on their feet.
            Pressing on their heels the web of ghost moves:
            woven and unwoven, chosen and not chosen, […]

 It’s a grandiosity that can even get amplified towards mysticism:

            Through a locked door my children enter the past. […]
            When we trod the path in half light to the sunrise
            strewn on water, the sea knew we would one day enter
            the house of my mother and the coast would assent
.

There’s a similar contrast between minor cliché (laughter bubbles, hearts race, ‘he lit up my life’, &c.) and sharp novelty of expression (‘rills of cold’, ‘calligraphic bat’). I did like ‘The dandelions have seized the lawn// with brazen lamps’ and ‘the long autumn/ in gold livery is losing threads’ which spark those gardening-and-weather topics that can be so difficult otherwise to make engrossing. At other times a fine line is drawn between paradox and confusion: ‘Illness is not a metaphor but a cloud at sea’ (where ‘a cloud at sea’ is being used here as a metaphor ‒ for illness) and in the same poem ‘words fall like grenades mining the future’ – grenades can apparently be used for mining, but it did jolt me at first. ‘We reap our harvest of CO2/ glued to our planet’ also conjured peculiar images. The poet says ‘I edit/ hand/ down/ the book unmarred by Errata’ [sic majuscula] but in a literal sense there are quite a few, especially diacritical ones: reguarded? ribbonned? prix fixé? a la modecafé litterateur? entente cordial? (Unless this last is a pun on the amount of drinking the British and Soviet poets are doing…).

If it comes down to personal preferences among all this variety, I was most gripped by the diaristic travel sequence about the Soviet Union, which switches back and forth between Summer 1987 and Winter 1991 and evidences the high prestige of poetry in Soviet society. Also by the poems of childhood, several hair-raising examples of which describe being repeatedly locked in the coal-shed ‘for her own good’. And the fine elegy for Max Levitas, Communist councillor and veteran of the Battle of Cable Street:

            He was part of that movement,
            that lifted itself, rearing like judgement.

Even if The Work of the Wind might perhaps always remain SJ Litherland’s best-known achievement, this collection does provide, for any new readers, a valuable introduction to her extensive interests and range. 

Guy Russell 25th June 2025

The Autobiography of Death by Kim Hyesoon (And Other Stories)

The Autobiography of Death by Kim Hyesoon (And Other Stories)

In this new book, one of a new poetry list from And Other Stories, Death gets to tell its side of the story, to narrate, and offer its opinion to those dead and stuck in a forty-nine day limbo before reincarnation occurs. This is a place of echoes and illusions, of desires, chaos and confusion, surprises, fear and learning.

There are, as our narrator points out and the dead come to realize, things the dead could have done to make both the life just ended and the next one better, for themselves and others, but ultimately there is also a statement about death’s omnipresence in humans:

     You are already born inside death.

            (‘Already DAY TWENTY EIGHT’)

and of despair and helplessness:

     Yourfatherinheaven.   Belovedbullshitfather.   Heasksforthechild.   Atnightthe

     snow    hiddendeepinheaven    fallsflakebyflakesecretly    like thewaymummy

     takesoffitsownbandages      we’reallnakechild      whenthe bandagescomeoff

     DoIpaint    the columnsofthehouseswiththechild’sblood?    Thehouseiscrying.

     Thehouseistrembling.    Yourfatherinheaven.    Belovedbullshitfather.    This

     child.  Thischild. (I write. I write like an abductor. This child this child.)

            (‘A Crow Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest DAY THIRTY EIGHT’)

When the bandages come off, be they spiritual, religious or emotional, we are all naked. Death knows this, yet is still moved by the upset, recognises in itself a sense of abduction, as they spirit the dead away.

Much of this sequence is elegaic and the whole ‘Autobiography’ was written in response to the children lost in the 2014 Sewol Ferry disaster. There is little consolation here, no afterlife or promises for the future. Grief and sorrow seem to remain for those in transition and Death can at times only summarise and explain:

     It’s cold, for you’ve come out from a warm body

     It’s bright, for you’ve come out from a dark body

     It’s lonely, for you’ve lost your shadow

            (‘Winter’s Smile DAY NINETEEN’)

Death here is not a spirit guide, nor a shaman accompanying the dead on a journey. Mostly Death is a commentator, often stating the obvious (to the dead not the reader) as it makes poetry out of the slow fading away and emptying out of past lives:

     World without a sound.   Untouchable,  flat world.   When death dawns,

     world turns into a hard mirror.  Faraway world of hope.

            (‘A Face DAY FORTY-THREE’)

     Now you have completely taken off your face

            (‘Moon Mask DAY FORTY-EIGHT’)

By day forty-nine the soul is ready to return to the world. Death offers some final observations and advice, with a litany of things that do not miss and have not missed the one about to be reborn, instructions not to go searching for one’s own body and a final ‘don’t’:

     Don’t miss you just because you’re not you and I’m the one who’s really you.

            (‘Don’t DAY FORTY-NINE’)

Death has a high opinion of itself yet the long poem ‘Face of Rhythm’, which follows the title sequence, offers a partial rebuttal to its self-proclaimed sovereignty. It is a childlike scream against hurt and suffering, a refusal to be overcome by pain, be that physical or emotional. It is about spiritual anguish and bodily woes, about illness, about being forsaken, about ‘wonder[ing] where my soul hides when I’m sick’ and asking cosmological questions:

     I wonder whether the souls of all the people on earth are connected as one.

This is intriguing work, set in rather small type (too small!), by a major South Korean contemporary poet. Its complex allusions and the strange world or after-world it is set in, are wonderfully conjured up in a musical translation by Don Mee Choi, and partially explained and discussed in a brief but illuminating interview with the poet and a ‘Translator’s Note’. It reminds us all that:

     Death is something that storms in from the outside. The universe inside is bigger.

            (‘Commute DAY ONE’)

Rupert Loydell 23rd June 2025